# Originally independent works republished in edited volumes, collected writing and so

**URL:** <https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/originally-independent-works-republished-in-edited-volumes-collected-writing-and-so/1581>\
**Category:** CSL Evolution\
**Created:** [November 20, 2019, 9:51pm UTC](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/originally-independent-works-republished-in-edited-volumes-collected-writing-and-so/1581 "2019-11-20T21:51:57Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 4\
**Page:** 1

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**Author:** ![Denis\_Maier](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/d/8491ac/32.png) [@Denis\_Maier](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/u/Denis_Maier)\
**Post date:** [November 20, 2019, 9:51pm UTC](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/originally-independent-works-republished-in-edited-volumes-collected-writing-and-so/1581/1 "2019-11-20T21:51:57Z")

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Some style guides (MLA, Chicago) have this requirement: Titles of originally independent works that are now being republished in an anthology (“Collected Writings of …”) should be rendered in italics and not in quotes. There’s been some discussion about this [here](https://forums.zotero.org/discussion/75154/) and [here](https://github.com/Juris-M/citeproc-js/issues/113), and there seems to be a consensus that this should be covered somehow.

Biblatex uses an item type `bookinbook` for these cases. And I agree with @Nick_Bart that a separate item type would be a good solution for this problem. @bwiernik has proposed to use item type `book` with a `container-title` here. I am not opposed to this, but if this is going to be the official way, I think there are some requirements and also open questions:

1. This should be handled consistently across styles. At the moment it does not work out of the box for Chicago or for MLA. For Chicago see my comments [here](https://forums.zotero.org/discussion/comment/336843/#Comment_336843), the MLA csl style uses the absence of `container-title` as a condition for using italics for the title.
2. Users should know that this is the preferred way to handle such items.
3. What happens with other fields in these cases? (For example `editor`: Is this the editor of the container or of the contained item? As I’ve proposed [here](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/certain-roles-may-be-ambiguous-if-there-is-container-title/1572) we should probably add distinct roles for volumes and containers like `volume-editor`, `container-editor` to make things clearer here.)

I guess, we’d have to seriously play this through. I am afraid using the existence of a `container-title` as a condition for title formatting could lead to an even higher level of complexity in already complex styles like Chicago, and it might well be that a new item type could be a simpler solution.

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**Author:** ![Denis\_Maier](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/d/8491ac/32.png) [@Denis\_Maier](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/u/Denis_Maier)\
**Post date:** [May 4, 2020, 9:56am UTC](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/originally-independent-works-republished-in-edited-volumes-collected-writing-and-so/1581/2 "2020-05-04T09:56:39Z")

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I’d like to bring this up again.  
Should we go with @bwiernik’s proposal to use item type `book` for these cases and just use `container-title`?

And, if we do: How can we address the remaining open questions outlined above?

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**Author:** ![bwiernik](https://yyz1.discourse-cdn.com/flex029/user_avatar/discourse.citationstyles.org/bwiernik/32/438_2.png) [@bwiernik](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/u/bwiernik)\
**Post date:** [May 4, 2020, 9:46pm UTC](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/originally-independent-works-republished-in-edited-volumes-collected-writing-and-so/1581/3 "2020-05-04T21:46:14Z")

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I am in favor of updating the major styles that would need this to be accommodated (e.g., MLA, Chicago), combined with a test case illustrating expected data structure for such an item.

For creators, CSL currently relies on the heuristic that `editor` and `translator` refer to the editor/translator of a `container` if one exists. The cases where this is a problem are fairly rare, rare enough that I’m not sure they are worth pursuing unless a [hierarchical data model](https://github.com/citation-style-language/csl-evolution/issues/12#issuecomment-617029729) is adopted. I would expect the same heuristic to apply here: the `editor` of a `book` with a `container-title` is the editor of the container. The `editorial-director` variable is also available (it’s used in primarily French styles to distinguish the person coordinating the curation of the book contents from persons doing textual editing).

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**Author:** ![Andrew\_Dunning](https://yyz1.discourse-cdn.com/flex029/user_avatar/discourse.citationstyles.org/andrew_dunning/32/433_2.png) [@Andrew\_Dunning](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/u/Andrew_Dunning)\
**Post date:** [March 9, 2025, 7:01am UTC](https://discourse.citationstyles.org/t/originally-independent-works-republished-in-edited-volumes-collected-writing-and-so/1581/4 "2025-03-09T07:01:46Z")

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I’ve drafted an implementation of this for the 18th edition of the Chicago Manual:

> <https://github.com/citation-style-language/styles/pull/7424>
>
> Update Chicago Manual of Style definitions to the 18th edition. These are the ke…y areas of focus from \[What’s New in the 18th Edition\](https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/help-tools/what-s-new.html):
> 
> \- 13.23, 13.107. Up to six authors are now listed in a bibliography or reference list entry; if more than six, only the first three are listed, followed by “et al.” In a shortened note or an author-date text citation, up to two authors are now listed; if more than two, only the first is listed, followed by “et al.”
> \- 13.26. A month or season can now usually be omitted in citations of journal articles.
> \- 13.72, 13.113. Chicago now prefers repeating the name of the author(s) rather than using a 3-em dash to stand in for repeated names in bibliographies or reference lists.
> \- 14.8. The page range for a cited chapter in an edited book is no longer required in a bibliography or reference list entry (though a page range is still required for most journal articles).
> \- 14.30. A place of publication is no longer required in citations of books. (The CSL implementation is not complete, since for books published after 1900, the place of publication only is to be provided, but there is no way to test this in CSL 1.0.2.)
> \- 14.89. Author-date reference list entries that include a month and day (as for a newspaper article) do not need to repeat the year with the month and day.
> \- 14.75, 14.76. Updated and expanded guidance on citing ahead-of-print and forthcoming journal articles as well as preprints.
> \- 14.157. Updated and expanded guidance on citing databases and datasets.
> 
> New variants:
> 
> \- With place of publication (as allowed in 14.30: necessary because CSL cannot correctly render pre-1900 books)
> \- Without URL (to allow for linking the title, as recommended in 13.6, which this style enables with Pandoc though not Zotero)
> 
> Closes #7389.
> 
> Other enhancements:
> 
> \- Support \`director\` and \`original-title\` variables, and \`pamphlet\` type: closes #7120.
> \- Render the title of a multivolume work in all locations: closes #7413.
> \- Replace 'Public Law No.' prefix with \`authority\` variable: closes #4343.
> \- Sources with no author displaying the container title first but sorting by item title: closes #6105.
> \- Consistently implement the guidance of 14.104, 'Citing web pages and websites', using the adapted form provided for use with a bibliography entry.
> \- Fix repeated date with websites in author–date.
> \- Use \`archive\` variable for the potential name of a database in 14.60, 'Books consulted online' (cf. 14.72).
> \- Use \`medium\` variable for the name of an e-book type in 14.58, 'Downloadable ebook formats and audiobooks'.
> 
> The macros are reordered to implement consistently the organizational scheme of providing macros in their order of occurrence in the citations and bibliography, with dependent macros placed above the macro that first refers to them. Affixes are replaced with delimiters wherever possible.
> 
> The author–date style now uses the full-note style as a template, resolving a number of inconsistencies in behaviour between the two. In the full-note style, the \`-note\` macros consistently follow the same structure as their counterparts for the bibliography.